Ciprofloxacin is used to treat or prevent certain infections caused by bacteria. It is prescribed for the treatment of pneumonia, gonorrhoea (a sexually transmitted disease), typhoid fever (a serious infection that is common in developing countries), infectious diarrhoea (infections that cause severe diarrhoea), and infections of the skin, bone, joint, abdomen (stomach area), and prostate (male reproductive gland).
Ciprofloxacin contains an antibiotic, 'Ciprofloxacin', which is bactericidal in nature and works by killing bacteria that cause infections. It prevents the division of bacterial cells. It also inhibits the repair of bacterial cells. Altogether, it kills the bacteria.
Ciprofloxacin should be taken in the dose and duration as advised by your doctor. In some cases, you may experience nausea, diarrhoea, abnormal liver function tests, vomiting, and rash. Most of these side effects of Ciprofloxacin do not require medical attention and gradually resolve over time. However, if the side effects are persistent, reach out to your doctor.
It is not advisable to stop this medicine suddenly to avoid unpleasant side effects. Inform your doctor if you have any lung disease, muscle weakness (myasthenia gravis), sleeping disorder or difficulty in sleeping (sleep apnoea), severe liver disease, or problem with alcohol or other prescription recreational drugs. Inform your doctor if you are planning to get pregnant, are pregnant or breastfeeding. If you experience any symptoms of an allergic reaction such as rashes, itching, swelling, shortness of breath, etc. you should contact a doctor immediately.
References1. World Health Organization. Antimicrobial resistance in multidrug-resistant bacteria: [Updated 2023 May 23]. WHO Regional Office for Africa, Antibiotic Resistance: [Updated 2023]. Geneva, 2023. doi:10.1093/ARX/ROC.2023.00173Suspension2. Ciprofloxacin [DEXICILLIN] (250 mg/5 mL): Stability and purity evaluated by 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectral data. MICs were determined in MIC-standard media (at a final concentration of 1 mg/mL) at room temperature. Ciprofloxacin stability was evaluated by UV-VIS spectroscopy at 25 °C. For stability studies, MIC data from a suspension of Ciprofloxacin in different concentrations were analyzed by UV-VIS spectroscopy. The stability studies showed that the suspension contains approximately 99% Ciprofloxacin.3. Amersham Pharmacare. Amersham's New York Pharmacopoeia. American Society for Health-System Pharmacy, American Pharmacists Association. [Updated 2022 Dec 15]. American Society of Health-System Pharmacy, American Pharmacologist. American Pharmacists Association.The store will not work correctly in the case when cookies are disabled.
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Ciprofloxacin tablets 500 mg are a type of antibiotic that is commonly used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. Ciprofloxacin belongs to a class of medications called fluoroquinolones. It works by inhibiting the replication of bacteria in the body. This prevents the bacteria from producing essential proteins necessary for their survival and reproduction. While Ciprofloxacin is effective against a wide range of bacterial infections, it is not suitable for all patients. This medication is available only with your doctor's prescription.
Each film-coated tablet contains 500 mg ciprofloxacin.
Adults:The typical dose for adults is 500 mg taken orally once a day, until the full course of treatment is finished. The dosage may be adjusted by the doctor based on the severity and response of the infection. For infections of the urinary tract, the typical dose is 250 mg taken orally twice a day for 7 days. For infections of the skin, the typical dose is 250 mg taken orally three times a day for 7 days. For infections of the lower respiratory tract, the typical dose is 250 mg taken orally three times a day for 7 days. The duration of treatment with Ciprofloxacin varies based on the type of infection and the patient's age and weight. It is important to follow the doctor's instructions carefully and not to take more than the prescribed dosage in one day. If the patient has a fever that does not go away, or if the patient's symptoms do not improve over the next 7 days, the doctor may increase the dosage to 250 mg twice daily as directed by the patient's doctor.
Children:For children under the age of 18, the typical dose is 1 g given every 8 hours for 5-7 days. For children weighing more than 10 kg, the dosage is 250 mg once a day for 5 days. For children younger than 6 years of age, the typical dose is 1 g given every 8 hours for 5-7 days. The dosage for children younger than 6 years of age is 1 g given every 8 hours for 7 days. The duration of treatment with Ciprofloxacin varies based on the type of infection and the child's weight. For a child with a fever that does not go away, the dosage is 250 mg once a day for 5 days. For a child with a rash that does not go away, the dosage is 250 mg once a day for 7 days. If the rash continues, the doctor may increase the dosage to 250 mg twice daily as directed by the child's doctor.
The symptoms of an overdose of ciprofloxacin include:
Ciprofloxacin may cause blurred vision, difficulty in distinguishing between and blue-tinged vision. This could happen if the patient has had a heart attack, or if the patient has been drinking alcohol.
The development of antibiotic resistance (AMR) poses a significant challenge for global and national health systems [
]. In the United States, the prevalence of AMR is approximately 40% and the global prevalence of antibiotic resistance (AMR) is more than 30% [
In the Asia-Pacific, the incidence of AMR has been increasing globally [
,
Moreover, there is an increasing focus on AMR and its treatment in developing countries. The increasing use of antibiotics has led to the increasing incidence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) [
], which in turn has led to a greater need for antimicrobial therapy (AMT) and treatment for AMR. Among the classes of AMR drugs, ciprofloxacin (CIP) is one of the most studied [
CIP is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic with antimicrobial activity against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria [
It is widely used for the treatment of infectious diseases due to its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, low cost, low side effects, and favorable side effect profile [
CIP is often administered to patients by intravenous (IV) administration. The most frequently prescribed antibiotic for CIP therapy is CIP monotherapy in adults and children aged 4 years and older [
CIP is also used in combination with other antibacterial agents for the treatment of a variety of infections including the urinary tract, skin, respiratory tract, bone, and soft tissue [
In this study, the CIP and CIP+CIP combination therapy was performed to determine the effect of CIP and CIP+CIP combination therapy on the growth and clinical outcomes of adult and pediatric patients with chronic bacterial prostatitis (CFP) and acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic sinusitis (AECE). The efficacy and safety of the CIP and CIP+CIP combination therapy were evaluated in adult patients with CFP and AECE. The safety and efficacy of CIP and CIP+CIP combination therapy in these two groups of patients were compared.
This was a retrospective chart review using an online medical record database from the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) database. This database was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the Medical University of Gda-Hilu, Brazil. The study was performed in accordance with the Good Clinical Practices (GCP) guidelines.
The study was performed from January 1, 2020 to May 30, 2021 at the Department of Surgery, University Hospital, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. The inclusion criteria were as follows: adult patients with CFP and AECE, age <5 years old, who received CIP and CIP+CIP combination therapy and were scheduled to undergo a clinical examination between January 1, 2020 and May 30, 2021.
The exclusion criteria were as follows: patients with the following conditions: acute exacerbation of chronic sinusitis; severe hepatic insufficiency; renal failure; hepatic dysfunction; severe hyponatremia; or history of acute renal failure. The patients were diagnosed with chronic bacterial prostatitis according to the official criteria of the WHO classification system [
The CIP and CIP+CIP combination therapy was performed according to the WHO guidelines [
CIP is an antibiotic that is effective against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, including the most frequently encountered pathogens in infectious diseases [
CIP is commonly administered by IV administration and is widely used for the treatment of patients with AECE and chronic bacterial prostatitis. It is a combination drug consisting of fluoroquinolones and ciprofloxacin. The treatment consists of CIP and CIP+CIP combination therapy, which is recommended by the WHO [
CIP and CIP+CIP combination therapy is considered effective when both drugs are taken together.
Ophthalmic ciprofloxacin comes as a solution (liquid) to apply to the eyes. Ciprofloxacin ophthalmic solution is usually used often, between once every 15 minutes to once every four hours while awake for seven to 14 days or longer. Ciprofloxacin ophthalmic ointment is usually applied three times a day for two days and then twice a day for five days. Use ciprofloxacin ophthalmic at around the same time every day. Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand. Use ciprofloxacin ophthalmic exactly as directed. Do not use it more often than prescribed by your doctor.
You should expect your symptoms to improve during your treatment. Call your doctor if your symptoms do not go away or get worse, or if you develop other problems with your eyes during your treatment.
Use ophthalmic ciprofloxacin until you finish the prescription, even if you feel better. If you stop using ophthalmic ciprofloxacin too soon, your infection may not be completely cured and the bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics.
To instill the eye drops, follow these steps:
Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water.
Check the dropper tip to make sure that it is not chipped or cracked.
Avoid touching the dropper tip against your eye or anything else; eyedrops and droppers must be kept clean.
While tilting your head back, pull down the lower lid of your eye with your index finger to form a pocket.
Hold the dropper (tip down) with the other hand, as close to the eye as possible without touching it.
Brace the remaining fingers of that hand against your face.
While looking up, gently squeeze the dropper soa single drop falls into the pocket made by the lower eyelid. Remove your index finger from the lower eyelid.
Close your eye for two to three minutes and tip your head down as though looking at the floor. Try not to blink or squeeze your eyelids.
Place a finger on the tear duct and apply gentle pressure.
Wipe any excess liquid from your face with a tissue.
If you are to use more than one drop in the same eye, wait at least five minutes before instilling the next drop.
Replace and tighten the cap on the dropper bottle. Do not wipe or rinse the dropper tip.
Wash your hands to remove any medication.
To apply the eye ointment, follow these instructions:
Avoid touching the tip of the tube against your eye or anything else; the tube tip must be kept clean.
Holding the tube between your thumb and forefinger, place it as near to your eyelid as possible without touching it.
Tilt your head backward slightly.
With your index finger, pull the lower eyelid down to form a pocket.
Squeeze a 1/2-inch (1.25cm) ribbon of ointment into the pocket made by the lower eyelid.
Blink your eye slowly; then gently close your eye for one to two minutes.
With a tissue, wipe any excess ointment from the eyelids and lashes. With another clean tissue, wipe the tip of the tube clean.
Replace and tighten the cap right away.
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